What must a judge provide to confine a material witness in jail?

A judge must provide a written commitment order to confine a material witness in jail. This written order serves as an official legal document that outlines the reasons for the confinement, ensuring that due process is followed. It protects the witness's rights by formally stating the judicial decision and the justification for their detention.

Having a written commitment order is essential as it creates a tangible record of the court's actions and provides a clear legal basis for the witness's confinement. This is particularly important in cases where the witness might be held against their will, as it exemplifies the judiciary's adherence to legal procedures and safeguards individual rights.

Other options, such as a verbal agreement or prior notification to the witness, do not fulfill the legal requirements necessary for such an action. The necessity of a legal document ensures proper judicial oversight and accountability, which is imperative in maintaining the integrity of the legal system.