What is the effect of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) on heart health?

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are often referred to as "good cholesterol" because they play a crucial role in cardiovascular health. HDL is responsible for transporting cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it can be processed and removed from the body. This process helps to prevent the buildup of cholesterol in the arterial walls, which can lead to atherosclerosis, a condition associated with heart disease.

Research has consistently shown that higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart disease. This protective effect is primarily due to HDL's ability to facilitate the removal of excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, thereby reducing the likelihood of plaque formation in the arteries. Consequently, maintaining or increasing HDL levels through healthy lifestyle choices, such as regular physical activity and a balanced diet, is beneficial for heart health.

In contrast, low levels of HDL can increase the risk of heart disease, making it clear that HDL has a significant and positive impact on cardiovascular health. This is why the correct choice indicates that high-density lipoproteins reduce the risk of heart disease.