What is required to obtain a blood specimen from a juvenile?

To obtain a blood specimen from a juvenile, it is crucial to have probable cause. This requirement stems from the legal standards that govern the collection of evidence, especially when dealing with minors. Probable cause ensures that there is a reasonable basis for believing that the juvenile may have been involved in a crime, justifying the necessity for such an intrusive procedure as blood collection.

While parental permission, the presence of a witness, and a judicial order may also be considerations in certain contexts, they do not supersede the need for probable cause in the context of law enforcement practices. Probable cause acts as a protective measure to uphold the juvenile's rights and ensures that law enforcement acts in accordance with legal standards when collecting evidence. Therefore, establishing probable cause is a fundamental prerequisite for obtaining a blood specimen from a juvenile.