What does the Second Amendment protect?

The Second Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically addresses the right of individuals to keep and bear arms. This provision has been the subject of extensive legal analysis and interpretation, particularly regarding the scope and limitations of this right. The language of the amendment indicates that it is tied to a "well regulated Militia," which has led to various interpretations about individual rights versus collective rights related to state militias.

In this context, the correct answer reflects the core assurance provided by the Second Amendment, affirming that individuals have the constitutional authority to possess firearms. This right has been supported by various Supreme Court rulings that emphasize individual ownership and use of weapons for lawful purposes, including self-defense. Understanding this is crucial for law enforcement as they navigate the complexities of firearm regulations and citizens' rights.

The other options presented deal with different amendments within the Bill of Rights, each addressing distinct civil liberties, but they do not pertain to the specific protections afforded by the Second Amendment.